33 Provisions

Provisions for Pensions and Similar Obligations

Vonovia has pension obligations towards various employees which are based on the length of service. Defined benefit and defined contribution obligations – for which Vonovia guarantees a certain level of benefit – are financed through provisions for pensions. Vonovia has taken out reinsurance contracts for individual people.

Generally, they are pension benefits that depend on the final salary with percentage increases depending on the number of years of service.

The pension commitments cover 4,003 (Dec. 31, 2017: 4,030) eligible persons.

Executives currently working for companies belonging to Vonovia have the opportunity to participate in the “Pension Instead of Cash Remuneration” model (Versorgungsbezüge anstelle von Barbezügen) in the version dated October 2003. Retirement, invalidity and surviving dependent benefits in the form of a lifelong pension are offered under this deferred compensation model. The retirement benefits can also be paid out as a one-time capital sum.

The 2002 pension scheme (VO 2002) for Vonovia employees replaces the pension systems that existed until December 31, 2001. For employees who joined the company prior to 1991, existing claims arising from the previous pension commitment as of December 31, 2001, are protected in the form of a status of possession. After this point, these employees acquire rights to future pension benefits in accordance with VO 2002. With the introduction of VO 2002, the pension regulations for employees joining the company after 1990 was updated with regard to changes in legislation and court rulings. Pension components acquired before the date VO 2002 replaced the previous pension systems remain in existence. As part of VO 2002, retirement, invalidity and surviving dependent benefits are provided in the form of lifelong pensions. The pension is calculated as the sum of annually acquired pension components that form a fixed percentage of salary. Salary components exceeding the income limit for the assessment of contributions to statutory pension insurance are weighted in a quadruple manner. For new pension commitments beginning in 2002, a pension guarantee of 1.0% p.a. is provided. For all other employees, the provisions of Section 16 of the German Occupational Pensions Improvement Act (BetrAVG) apply.

The following overview summarizes the most important basic data of the closed pension plans:

The current pensions according to the classic pension benefit regulations of Bochumer Verband are adjusted in line with Section 20 of those regulations. Section 20 is a rule which is based on Section 16 (1,2) of the German Occupational Pensions Improvement Act (BetrAVG) but which, according to a ruling of the Federal Labour Court of Germany, is an independent rule. Other company pensions are reviewed and adjusted under the terms of the agreement according to Section 16 (1,2) BetrAVG. On every review date, the development of the cost of living since the individual retirement date is reviewed and compensated for. Only in the aforementioned deferred compensation model is the option, available since January 1, 1999, used to raise the current pensions every year by 1% (Section 16 (3) No. 1 BetrAVG). No further risks are seen.

The company has decided to use the internal financing effect of the provisions for pensions and only to back a relatively small portion of the pension obligations with plan assets. Reinsurance policies have been taken out for former Management Board members against payment of a one-time insurance premium in order to provide additional protection against insolvency; these reinsurance policies were pledged to the eligible persons. They constitute plan assets, which are offset against the gross obligation. The fair value of the reinsurance policies for individual persons is higher than the extent of the obligations towards the respective person. This surplus of the fair values of the assets over the obligation is shown under non-current other assets. The conclusion of further reinsurance policies is not planned.

Pension plan obligations and the expenses necessary to cover these obligations are determined using the projected unit credit method prescribed by IAS 19. Both pensions known on the reporting date and vested rights, as well as expected future increases in salaries and pensions, are included in the measurement. The following actuarial assumptions were made at the reporting date – in each case related to the end of the year and with economic effect for the following year.

Actuarial Assumptions

The new 2018 G mortality tables of Prof. Dr. Klaus Heubeck published in 2018 have been applied for the first time to the biometric assumptions. The Heubeck 2005 G mortality tables were taken as a basis in the 2017 fiscal year. The application resulted in a changeover effect in the amount of € 5.3 million.

The defined benefit obligation (DBO) developed as follows:

The present value of the defined benefit obligation is divided among the groups of eligible persons as follows:

Plan assets comprise solely reinsurance contracts. The fair value of the plan assets has developed as follows:

The actual return on plan assets amounted to € 0.8 million during the fiscal year (2017: € 0.8 million).

The following table shows a reconciliation of the defined benefit obligation to the pension obligation recognized in the balance sheet:

In 2018, actuarial losses of € 8.0 million (excluding deferred taxes) were recognized in other comprehensive income.

The weighted average term of the defined benefit obligations is 15.0 years.

The following table contains the projected, undiscounted pension payments of the coming five fiscal years and the total of those in the subsequent five fiscal years:

Sensitivity Analyses

An increase or decrease in the material actuarial assumptions would have led to the following DBO as of December 31, 2018, providing the other assumptions did not change:

An increase in life expectancy of 5.0% would have resulted in an increase in the DBO of € 24.0 million as of December 31, 2018.

If several assumptions are changed simultaneously, the cumulative effect is not necessarily the same as if there had been a change in just one of the assumptions.

The provisions for pensions include € 4.7 million (Dec. 31, 2017: € 5.3 million) for pension obligations which were transferred to third parties as part of an assumption of debt and which relate to vested rights and the payment of current pensions. A corresponding non-current receivable is shown under miscellaneous other assets.

Development of Other Provisions During the Fiscal Year

Development of Other Provisions in the Previous Year

Reversals of provisions are generally offset against the expense items for which they were originally established.

The provisions for environmental remediation primarily refer to site remediation of locations of the former Raab Karcher companies. Remediation has either already begun or an agreement has been reached with the authorities as to how the damage is to be remedied. The cost estimates are based on expert opinions detailing the anticipated duration of the remediation work and the anticipated cost.

The personnel obligations are provisions for pre-retirement part-time work arrangements, provisions for bonuses, severance payments not relating to restructuring and other personnel expenses. The other personnel expenses include a provision for the long-term incentive plan (LTIP) of € 17.8 million (Dec. 31, 2017: € 18.3 million) (see note [50] Share-based Payment).

The material individual cost items under miscellaneous other provisions include costs associated with legal disputes in the amount of € 18.7 million (2017: € 9.4 million), allocations to the provisions for pre-retirement part-time work arrangements in the amount of € 14.0 million (2017: € 7.4 million) and € 0.1 million (2017: € 6.6 million) in costs in connection with tax returns.